Common description
Jordan (Arab.Al-Urdun), the official name is the Jordanian Hashemite Kingdom - the Arab state in the Middle East. It has borders with Syria in the north, Iraq in the northeast, with Saudi Arabia in the east and south, and with Israel and Palestinian Authority in the west. Jordan shares with the Israel and Palestinian Authority autonomy the coastlines of the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba with Israel, Saudi Arabia and Egypt.
About 90% are deserts and semi-deserts.
Visitors to Jordan can visit the beaches and coral reefs of Aqaba Bay, where the underwater world can be seen almost from the shore, the Dead Sea and ancient monuments. But the largest number of tourists is attracted to one of the new seven wonders of the world - Peter.
Jordan's population is 5.9 million and 95% are Arabs. The Jordanian Arabs make up 35% of the population, 55% are immigrants from Palestine who moved to Transjordan and received citizenship after the Arab-Israeli wars in 1948 and 1967. Other nationalities: Adyghe (Circassians), Chechens, Armenians and Kurds. Many Jordanians of European descent also live.
Some of the population is registered as Palestinian refugees. Since 2003, many refugees from Iraq have settled in Jordan after the Iraq War. According to estimates, there are between 150 and 300 thousand in Jordan, mainly in Amman and Zarqa.
religion
Most of the population professes Islam. Christians make up 6% of Jordan's permanent population and occupy 20% of Parliament's seats. Basically, Jordanian Christians belong to the Orthodox Church (Patriarchate of Jerusalem), others belong to the Roman Catholic Church, the Greek Catholic Church and various Protestant societies. Christians in Jordan include people of different nationalities (for example, Catholic mass is held in Arabic, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Filipino, Sinhala and Iraqi dialects of Arabic), but the bulk are Arab Christians. Some Jordanians belong to religious minorities - friends and supporters of the Baha'i faith.
Language
The official language is Arabic, English, business, government and educated people. Arabic and English are required in schools. French is taught in a number of schools, but it is not compulsory for studying. Despite this, in modern Jordan, a French-speaking layer was formed. Jordan Radio broadcasts broadcasts in Arabic, English and French.
Political system
Jordan is a constitutional monarchy enshrined in the Constitution adopted on January 8, 1952. The exclusive power is concentrated in the hands of the king and his council of ministers. The King signs all laws, his veto power can be overcome by two-thirds of votes of both houses of the National Assembly. It appoints all judges by its decrees, approves amendments to the Constitution, declares war and commands the armed forces. The Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister, is appointed by the King, who may dismiss individual ministers at the request of the Prime Minister.
The Constitution provides for three types of courts: civil, religious and special courts. Administratively, Jordan is divided into 12 governorates appointed by the king. They are the sole leaders of all departments and development projects in their territories.
The Royal Armed Forces are also under the control of the King.
About 90% are deserts and semi-deserts.
Visitors to Jordan can visit the beaches and coral reefs of Aqaba Bay, where the underwater world can be seen almost from the shore, the Dead Sea and ancient monuments. But the largest number of tourists is attracted to one of the new seven wonders of the world - Peter.
Jordan's population is 5.9 million and 95% are Arabs. The Jordanian Arabs make up 35% of the population, 55% are immigrants from Palestine who moved to Transjordan and received citizenship after the Arab-Israeli wars in 1948 and 1967. Other nationalities: Adyghe (Circassians), Chechens, Armenians and Kurds. Many Jordanians of European descent also live.
Some of the population is registered as Palestinian refugees. Since 2003, many refugees from Iraq have settled in Jordan after the Iraq War. According to estimates, there are between 150 and 300 thousand in Jordan, mainly in Amman and Zarqa.
religion
Most of the population professes Islam. Christians make up 6% of Jordan's permanent population and occupy 20% of Parliament's seats. Basically, Jordanian Christians belong to the Orthodox Church (Patriarchate of Jerusalem), others belong to the Roman Catholic Church, the Greek Catholic Church and various Protestant societies. Christians in Jordan include people of different nationalities (for example, Catholic mass is held in Arabic, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Filipino, Sinhala and Iraqi dialects of Arabic), but the bulk are Arab Christians. Some Jordanians belong to religious minorities - friends and supporters of the Baha'i faith.
Language
The official language is Arabic, English, business, government and educated people. Arabic and English are required in schools. French is taught in a number of schools, but it is not compulsory for studying. Despite this, in modern Jordan, a French-speaking layer was formed. Jordan Radio broadcasts broadcasts in Arabic, English and French.
Political system
Jordan is a constitutional monarchy enshrined in the Constitution adopted on January 8, 1952. The exclusive power is concentrated in the hands of the king and his council of ministers. The King signs all laws, his veto power can be overcome by two-thirds of votes of both houses of the National Assembly. It appoints all judges by its decrees, approves amendments to the Constitution, declares war and commands the armed forces. The Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister, is appointed by the King, who may dismiss individual ministers at the request of the Prime Minister.
The Constitution provides for three types of courts: civil, religious and special courts. Administratively, Jordan is divided into 12 governorates appointed by the king. They are the sole leaders of all departments and development projects in their territories.
The Royal Armed Forces are also under the control of the King.
Сlimate
The climate in Jordan is dry and warm during the main season, due to the fact that most of the country is occupied by deserts. The average annual rainfall is 25-50 to 200 mm. In the northwest, the average annual rainfall is 300 to 800 mm due to orography and proximity to the Mediterranean Sea. The main precipitation falls in the cold (from November to March). The number of sunny hours is 6-7 hours in winter and 12-13 hours in summer.
Currency
Jordanian Dinar (JOD, informally JD) is the currency of Jordan. One dinar consists of 100 piastres. Coins and notes depict the royal dynasty. Coins and notes are signed in Arabic and English. $ 1 = 0.71 IOD
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